Review of Earth Critical Zone Research   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

An Peijun  Zhang Zhiqiang  Wang Liwei 《地球科学进展》2016,31(12):1228-1234

Since the Earth Critical Zone put forward by National Research Council of America in 2001, it has got a lot of attention and some significant progresses have been made. This paper summarized those Earth Critical Zone projects and related research plans organized and implemented by the United States of America, Germany, Australia, France, China and the European Union, as well as main scientific problems and future development direction in the study of Earth Critical Zone. According to research status of China, the four main research contents should be strengthened including structure, formation and evolution mechanism of Earth Critical Zone, the coulpling interaction mechanism between migration and transformation of material and multi-processes, sevice function and evolution features of Earth Critical Zone and its support and effect on sustainable development, model simulation of process and system of Earth Critical Zone. In addition, our country should actively conduct cooperation and communication with the advanced countries, and enhance our involvement in international key research plans.  相似文献   

Australian Wetland Water Environment Management and Technology Dynamic Integration     

An Zhengtao  Wei Yongping 《地球科学进展》2016,31(2):213-224

Australian government attaches great importance to the management of wetland water environment and the implementation of advanced technology, and has made large processes in the recent decades. Australia is one of the best country in global for wetland management and technology implementation. Based on the analysis of Australian government working method for wetland water environment management, two wetland water environment management and technology dynamic integration cases, and on the comparason ofthe differences of wetland water environment management between the two countries, including Murray-Darling Basin (MDB) and Lake Eyre Basin (LEB), it can be concluded that the success of Australian wetland water environment management is because of the following reasons: the dynamic integration between department establishment and technology, the dynamic integration between public participation and monitoring technology, as well as the dynamic integration between innovation policy and advanced technology. Furthermore, entity management method such as Murray-Darling Basin Authority (MDBA) is more adaptable and has longer lifespan. Such virtual management method as Lake Eyre Basin Intergovernmental Agreement is more flexible and has lower cost. The lessons learned from Australian government can help China manage wetland water environment.  相似文献   

Active Characteristics and Paleoearthquakes in the West Kalpin Nappe Since the Holocene,SW Tianshan Mountain     

Li An  Ran Yongkang  Liu Huaguo  Xu Liangxin 《地球科学进展》2016,31(4):377-390

the Kalpin nappe is an important multiple thrust system. It is important to study the Cenozoic tectonic of the Tianshan Mountain. Holocene active characteristics and paleoearthquake of the Kalpin nappe can be used to evaluate the neotectonic of this area. In this paper, we accurately measured the fault scarp in the front of three thrust-fold faults and analyzed paleoearthquake events in the trenches of the Kalpin nappe. Using the ¹⁰Be exposure age, we obtained those geomorphic surface ages and paleoearthquake times. The result showed that the slip rates of the west Kalpintag fault, aozitag fault and the tuoketag fault were 1.45(+1.68/-0.44) mm/a, 0.81(+0.35/-0.19) mm/a and (0.3±0.05) mm/a, respectively since the Holocene. The slip rate indicated that the increased activity transferred from back-row fault to front-row fault and accorded with the piggy-back propagation model in the Tianshan Mountain. Displacements and recurrence intervals of paleoearthquakes was similar to the slip rate characteristics. It also showed paleoearthquakes in the front row fault were stronger than paleoearthquakes of the back row fault. The strong paleoearthquake which caused the highest surface rupture happened in the Kalpintag fault. The interval of paleoearthquakes was about 4 ka and the displacement of every paleoearthquake was about 3 m in the west Kalpintag fault; the interval of paleoearthquakes was about 2 ka and the displacement of every paleoearthquake was about 1m in the aozitag fault; the tuoketag fault ruptured only one paleoearthquake since 7 ka. The Piqiang tear fault was the tectonic result of different shortening rate between the west Kalpin system and the east Kalpin system. The shortening rate of west Kalpin system was obviously stronger than the east Kalpin system. The huge separation distance was near 20 km between the east and the west back-row fault. Because the slip rate of system transferred to the front-row fault in the piggy-back propagation model, the separation distance (~4 km) between the east and the west front-row fault was increasing.  相似文献   

我国石墨矿产地质特征及资源潜力分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

肖克炎  孙莉  李思远  黄安 《地球学报》2016,37(5):607-614

石墨是我国重要的大宗优势非金属矿产,其既具有非金属矿物的一般性能,又兼有金属和有机塑料的某些特性,是用途广泛的特殊的非金属矿物原料,是我国新兴产业的重要原材料。我国石墨成因类型主要为区域变质型,其工业价值较大。文章通过对我国石墨矿产分布特征、成矿规律分析进而总结石墨资源潜力特征,认为我国黑龙江、内蒙古、四川等省资源潜力巨大,可实行保护性开采,从而获取经济效益。  相似文献   

琼东南盆地深水区新近系海底扇沉积特征与资源潜力   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

左倩媚  张道军  王亚辉  李伟  陈杨  何小胡  党亚云 《海洋学报》2016,38(11):105-116

综合利用钻井、岩心、薄片及分析化验资料研究了琼东南盆地深水区新近系海底扇沉积特征,并利用最新的三维地震资料,通过井震精细标定、多属性融合技术、方差体切片、三维地貌砂体镂空等综合技术手段,精细刻画了海底扇砂体的空间分布特征。研究结果表明,深水区新近系海底扇是由陆架区的砂体滑塌并二次搬运形成,形成过程具有多期次性。受不同物源的影响,海底扇岩性和物性存在较大的差异。海底扇岩性及沉积构造具有砂质滑塌、碎屑流、浊流和深水底流改造的特征。海底扇的沉积微相、厚度、砂泥比和砂泥岩空间配置关系直接控制了地震振幅反射强度和频率的变化。砂体纵向叠置,横向连片,并被后期泥质水道切割分块形成多个岩性圈闭。综合分析认为,深水区海底扇砂体发育区烃源条件优越,储盖配置关系和圈闭条件良好,具备形成大中型岩性油气藏的有利条件,具有较大的油气勘探潜力。  相似文献   

Hydrothermal Fluid Sources of the Fengjia Barite–fluorite Deposit in Southeast Sichuan,China: Evidence from Fluid Inclusions and Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotopes          下载免费PDF全文

Hao Zou  Shou‐ting Zhang  An‐qing Chen  Yi Fang  Zhao‐fa Zeng 《Resource Geology》2016,66(1):24-36

The Fengjia barite–fluorite deposit in southeast Sichuan is a stratabound ore deposit which occurs mainly in Lower Ordovician carbonate rocks. Here we present results from fluid inclusion and oxygen and hydrogen isotope studies to determine the nature and origin of the hydrothermal fluids that generated the deposit. The temperature of the ore‐forming fluid shows a range of 86 to 302 °C. Our detailed microthermometric data show that the temperature during mineralization of the fluorite and barite in the early ore‐forming stage was higher than that during the formation of the calcite in the late ore‐forming stage. The salinity varied substantially from 0.18% to 21.19% NaCl eqv., whereas the density was around 1.00 g/cm³. The fluid composition was mainly H₂O (>91.33%), followed by CO₂, CH₄ and traces of C₂H₆, CO, Ar, and H₂S. The dominant cation was Na⁺ and the dominant anion Cl^‐, followed by Ca²⁺, SO₄^2‐, K⁺, and Mg²⁺, indicating a mid–low‐temperature, mid‐low‐salinity, low‐density NaCl–H₂O system. Our results demonstrate that the temperature decreased during the ore‐forming process and the fluid system changed from a closed reducing environment to an open oxidizing environment. The hydrogen and oxygen isotope data demonstrate that the hydrothermal fluids in the study area had multiple sources, primarily formation water, as well as meteoric water and metamorphic water. Combined with the geological setting and mineralization features we infer that the stratabound barite–fluorite deposits originated from mid–low‐temperature hydrothermal fluids and formed vein filling in the fault zone.  相似文献   

A new landslide-induced tsunami simulation model and its application to the 1792 Unzen-Mayuyama landslide-and-tsunami disaster     

Kyoji Sassa  Khang Dang  Hideaki Yanagisawa  Bin He 《Landslides》2016,13(6):1405-1419

By combining landslide dynamics research and tsunami research, we present an integrated series of numerical models quantitatively simulating the complete evolution of a landslide-induced tsunami. The integrated model simulating the landslide initiation and motion uses measured landslide dynamic parameters from a high-stress undrained dynamic-loading ring shear apparatus. It provides the numerical data of a landslide mass entering and moving under water to the tsunami simulation model as the trigger of tsunami. The series of landslide and tsunami simulation models were applied to the 1792 Unzen-Mayuyama megaslide and the ensuing tsunami disaster, which is the largest landslide disaster, the largest volcanic disaster, and the largest landslide-induced tsunami disaster to have occurred in Japan. Both the 1792 megaslide and the tsunami portions of the disaster are well documented, making this an excellent test of the reliability and precision of the new simulation model. The simulated tsunami heights at the coasts well match the historical tsunami heights recorded by “Tsunami-Dome-Ishi” (a stone showing the tsunami reaching point) and memorial stone pillars.  相似文献   

Investigations on physical properties and ablation processes of snow cover during the spring snowmelt period in the headwater region of the Irtysh River,Chinese Altai Mountains   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Wei Zhang  Yongping Shen  Ninglian Wang  Jianqiao He  An’an Chen  Jian Zhou 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(3):199

  相似文献   

Biological characteristics of the nitrobenzene-degrading strain NB1 during bioaugmentation of nitrobenzene-contaminated groundwater     

Yonglei An  Jialu Li  Na Liu 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(5):360

  相似文献   

Ammonium nitrogen concentration in the Weihe River,central China during 2005–2015     

Shengjie Wang  Aigang Lu  Shaohua Dang  Fenli Chen 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(6):512

  相似文献